Dari Pesantren ke Madrasah: Konstruksi Nilai Insan Ṣāliḥ Akram Sebagai Fondasi Karakter Siswa
Keywords:
character education, Ṣāliḥ Akram, pesantren values, Islamic education, pesantren-based madrasah, Mathali’ul Falah
Abstract
Character education in madrasas requires an educational framework that is able to integrate spiritual orientation, ethical conduct, and everyday pedagogical practices. This study examines how the values of insan Ṣāliḥ Akram are constructed and enacted as the foundation of character education at MI Mathali’ul Falah Kajen, an Islamic elementary school rooted in the pesantren tradition. Employing a qualitative case study, data were collected through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews with director of Mathali’ul Falah, headmaster, teachers, students, and parents, and analysis of institutional documents. Data were analyzed through data condensation, data display, and conclusion verification, supported by source, technique, and theoretical triangulation as well as member checking. The findings reveal that Ṣāliḥ Akram constitutes an integrated conception of human excellence combining the vertical dimension of Akram—tauhid, takwa, ikhlas, and barakah—with the horizontal dimension of Ṣāliḥ—amanah, istiqāmah, tawadhu’, and ḥirṣ. These values are not treated as discrete moral teachings but are embedded within an educational ecosystem through curriculum integration, institutional culture, teacher modelling, habituation, memorization, and riyāḍah. The study demonstrates that pesantren-derived values can be substantively reconstructed within formal madrasah education as a coherent system of character formation. The Ṣāliḥ Akram framework thus offers an indigenous Islamic model of character education that connects transcendental piety with social morality and expands the conceptual landscape of culturally and spiritually grounded character education.
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References
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AF. (2026). Interview.
Al-Aṣfahānī, A.-R. (2011). Mufradāt Alfāẓ al-Qur’ān (1st ed.). Dar al Qalam.
Al-Attas, S. M. N. (1999). The Concept of Education in Islam. International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC).
Al-Bantani, S. N. bin U. (2019). Mirqotus Su’ud at-Tashdiq Fi Syarhi Sullam at-Taufiq. Maktabah At-Turmusy lit-Turats.
Al-Faruqi, I. R. (1988). Tauhid. Pustaka.
Al-Ghazali, A. H. M. ibn M. (n.d.). Ihya’ Ulum al-Din (III). Dar al-Fikr.
Al-Zamakhshari, A. al-Q. M. ibn U. (2012). Al-Kasyaf ‘an Haqa’iq al-Tanzil wa ‘Uyun al-Aqawil fi Wujuh al-Ta’wil. Dar el-Hadith.
Al-Zarnūjī, I. B. (n.d.). Ta‘līm al-Muta‘allim Ṭarīq al-Ta‘allum. Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Alnashr, M. S. (2019). Pendidikan Karakter ala Gus Dur: Representasi Pesantren dalam Mendidik Bangsa. Shahih, 4(1), 57–72. https://doi.org/10.22515/shahih.v4i1.1597
Alnashr, M. S. (2020). Ornamen Masjid Jami Kajen serta Kontribusinya dalam Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Elementary: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 6(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.32332/elementary.v6i1.1652
An-Naisaburi, A. Q. A. K. H. A.-Q. (2013). Risalah Qusyairiyah: Sumber Kajian Ilmu Tasawuf. Pustaka Amani.
An-Nawawi, A. Z. M. bin S. (1998). Riyāḍuṣ Ṣāliḥīn. Dar al Khair.
Asy’ari, H. (n.d.). Adab al Alim Wa al Muta’allim. Maktabah At-Turats.
Aulia, M. G., & Arif, M. (2025). The Urgency of Humility (Tawadhu’) in Moral Education: An Analysis of the Concept of Humility in Islam. IJRCS: International Journal of Islamic Religion and Culture Studies, 3(1). https://ijircs.com/index.php/1/article/view/54
Aziz, M. I., Subhan, A., Muntaqo, L., Abdalla, U. A., Ma’mur, J., Masrukhin, M. Y., Umam, S., Thoha, A. M., Zainurrossyid, A., Nisa’, Z. H., & Rofiq, A. (2012). Madrasah Para Kiai: Refleksi untuk Satu Abad Perguruan Islam Mathali’ul Falah Kajen (M. T. Ridho, A. Muhtarom, & M. M. Ni’am (eds.)). KMF Yogyakarta.
Berkowitz, M. W., & Bier, M. (2005). A research-driven guide for educators. Character Education Partnership.
Biesta, G. J. J. (2010). Good Education in an Age of Measurement: Ethics, Politics, Democracy. Routledge.
Bourdieu, P. (1995). Language and Symbolic Power (G. Raymond & M. Adamson (eds.); IV). Polity Press.
Bourke, M., Kinsella, W., & Prendeville, P. (2020). The Implementation of an Ethical Education Curriculum in Secondary Schools in Ireland. Education Series, 10(1), 14. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10010014
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Morris, P. A. (2006). The Bioecological Model of Human Development. In R. M. Lerner (Ed.), Handbook of Child Psychology (6th ed., pp. 795–825). Wiley.
Cox, D., Caze, M. La, & Levine, M. P. (2003). Integrity and the Fragile Self. Routledge.
Creswell., J. W. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (SAGE (ed.); 3rd ed.).
Fitriansyah, N., & Tsurayya, R. V. (2020). TAUHIDIC PARADIGM SEBAGAI BASIS DALAM MEWUJUDKAN UMAT BERAGAMA YANG TOLERAN DAN MODERAT. Al-Mada: Jurnal Agama, Sosial, Dan Budaya. https://doi.org/10.31538/almada.v3i1.480
Irfan. (2019). Penafsiran Ayat Amanah dalam Al-Qur’an. Al-Tadabbur: Jurnal Ilmu Alquran Dan Tafsir, 4(02), 113–128. https://doi.org/10.30868/at.v4i02.571
Jauhari, M. A., Nuraini, L., & Alnashr, M. S. (2019). Hubungan Kematangan Beragama Dengan Karakter Al-ḤIRṢ Mahasiswa PGMI Fakultas Tarbiyah IPMAFA Pati. MAGISTRA: Media Pengembangan Ilmu Pendidikan Dasar Dan Keislaman. https://doi.org/10.31942/mgs.v10i2.3105
Khobir, A., Sopiah, S., & Hasanah, F. N. (2021). A Holistic Model for Character Education in Schools (An Alternative Educational Model). Edukasia Islamika, 6(2), 289–303. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.28918/jei.v6i2.4731
KN. (2026). Interview.
KPAI. (2025). Laporan Tahunan KPAI, Jalan Terjal Perlindungan Anak: Ancaman Serius Generasi Emas Indonesia.
Mahmud, B., Hamzah, & Imran, M. (2022). Jalan Menuju Taqwa Perspektif Syaikh ‘Abdul Qadir Al-Jailani (Analisis Penafsiran Ayat-ayat Taqwa dalam Tafsir al-Jailani). Al Quds: Jurnal Studi Alquran Dan Hadis, 6(1), 905–924. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29240/alquds.v6i2.4608
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Cross-case data analysis. In Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook.
Mujiburrahman, & Dkk. (2012). Tabarukan 1 Abad Mathali’ul Falah, Kiai Sahal: Sebuah Biografi. KMF Jakarta.
Nafi’, M. A. (2026). Interview.
Ni’am, M. (2026). Interview.
Nikmah, F. (2020). Implementasi Nilai Dasar Shalih Akrom dalam Pembentukan Karakter Siswa di Perguruan Islam Mathali’ul Falah Kajen. Proceeding of International Conference, 5(2), 70–79.
Noddings, N. (2013). Caring: A Relational Approach to Ethics and Moral Education (2nd ed.). University of California Press.
PIM. (1997). Kurikulum Pendidikan Dasar dan menengah Perguruan Islam Mathali’ul Falah.
Pradina, Q., Faiz, A., & Yuningsih, D. (2021). Peran Guru dalam Membentuk Karakter Disiplin. Edukatif: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 3(6). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v3i6.1294
Quthb, S. (2004). Tafsir Fi Zhilalil Qur’an (VI). Gema Insani.
Rahil, F. B., Amrulloh, M., & Saputra, A. (2024). Etika Rendah Hati Dalam Al-Qur’an (Studi Penafsiran Ayat-Ayat Tawadhu’ Dalam Tafsir Al-Qur’anul Majid An-Nur). El-Wasathy: Journal of Islamic Studies, 2(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61693/elwasathy.vol21.2024.1-17
Rohman, A., Muhtamiroh, S., Imron, A., & Miyono, N. (2023). Integrating traditional-modern education in madrasa to promote competitive graduates in the globalization era. Cogent Education, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2268456
Rohmatin, A., Nugraha, Y., Gunawan, M. G., & Iski, M. R. (2025). Implementasi Nilai Shidq, Amanah, Istiqamah, dan Rahmah dalam Pembinaan Akhlak Siswa SMK Al-Azami. Akhlak: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam Dan Filsafat, 2(4). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61132/akhlak.v2i4.1406
Shihab, M. Q. (2002). Tafsir Al-Misbah: Pesan, Kesan, dan Keserasian Al-Quran Jilid 13. Lentera Hati.
Singh, B. (2019). Character education in the 21st century. Journal of Social Studies (JSS), 15(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21831/jss.v15i1.25226
Steenbrink, K. A. (1994). Pesantren, Madrasah, Sekolah: Pendidikan Islam dalam Kurun Modern. LP3ES.
Syihabuddin, M., Manggala, K., Wafi, H. A., & Maulana, A. H. (2023). Interpreting the Concept of Ngalap Berkah as Pesantren Tradition in the Perspective of Santri. Santri: Journal of Pesantren and Fiqh Sosial, 4(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35878/santri.v4i2.957
Ulya, F., & Nikmah, K. (2024). Upaya Pesantren dalam Menjaga Tradisi Sanad Keilmuan di Era Society 5.0. Mudarrisuna: Media Kajian Pendidikan Agama Islam, 14(1). https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jm.v14i1.20668
Watts, P., & Kristjánsson, K. (2022). Character Education. In R. Curren (Ed.), Handbook of Philosophy of Education. Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003172246
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications (6th ed.). Sage.
Zaelani, M. R. (2022). Konsep Berkah dalam Pandangan Ahlussunnah: Analisis Syarah Hadis tentang Tabarruk. Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Ushuluddin, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.15575/jpiu.13500
Zuhri, A., Alnashr, M. S., Nihayah, H., Ihsan, I., Ulumuddin, I. K., Darnoto, D., & Munjiat, S. M. (2026). How Madrasahs Build Students’ Character in Indonesia’s Society 5.0 Era: Emerging Challenges. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 9(1), 166–186. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v9i1.412
Published
2026-10-14
How to Cite
Alnashr, M. S., Rohman, A., & Imron, A. (2026). Dari Pesantren ke Madrasah: Konstruksi Nilai Insan Ṣāliḥ Akram Sebagai Fondasi Karakter Siswa. Santri: Journal of Pesantren and Fiqh Sosial, 7(1), 135-154. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35878/santri.v7i1.2404
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