Fiqh Sosial as a Conceptual Framework for Pesantren-Based Community Empowerment: Insights from Kiai Sahal Mahfudh
Keywords:
Fiqh Sosial, Jim Ife, pesantren-based community empowerment
Abstract
Fiqh Sosial, developed by Kiai Sahal Mahfudh, is a paradigm of Islamic legal thought that integrates the normative values of Sharīʿah with social realities. It positions fiqh not only as a body of legal doctrines but also as an instrument of community empowerment oriented toward public welfare (maṣlaḥah). This study analyzes the pesantren-based community empowerment model developed by Kiai Sahal Mahfudh, drawing on Jim Ife’s theory of community empowerment. It uses a descriptive-qualitative method with a library research approach. The analysis draws on Jim Ife’s theory, which emphasizes participation, capacity building, community-based development, and social transformation. The findings demonstrate that the model is implemented through productive zakat management, human resource capacity strengthening, continuous community assistance, and the establishment of various pesantren-based social, economic, educational, and health institutions. Analysis through Jim Ife’s framework shows that the model aligns with the principles of community development, particularly community participation, capacity enhancement, social capital development, expanded access to resources, and community self-reliance. Kiai Sahal Mahfudh’s Social Fiqh is a pesantren-based community empowerment model that integrates the social-humanistic empowerment paradigm with Islamic values and the maqāṣid al-sharīʿah.
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References
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Prasetia, S. A., Fahmi, M., & Faizin, M. (2023). Social Intelligence in Islamic Education; Analysis of the Social Jurisprudence Ideas of KH. MA. Sahal Mahfudh. Jurnal An-Nida, 47(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.24014/an-nida.v47i1.21865
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Zubaedi, Z. (2006). Membangun Fikih yang Berorientasi Sosial: Dialektika Fikih dengan Realitas Empirik Masyarakat. Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 44(2), 430–452. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2006.442.429-452
Al-Ghazzī, M. ibn Q. (2005). Fathul Qorīb Al-Mujīb fī Syarhi Alfāzhi al-Taqrīb. Dar Ibn Hazm.
Al-Qaraḍāwī, Y. (n.d.). Fiqh al-Zakāh. Muassasah al-Risālah.
Albab, A. F. (2025). Epistemologi Tahqīq al-Manāṭ sebagai Wacana Integrasi Keilmuan Lain dalam Fiqh Sosial: Studi Batasan Integrasi Keilmuan Lain dalam Fikih Sosial. Syariah Journal of Foqh Studies, 3(2), 21–44. https://doi.org/10.61570/syariah.v3i2.226
Asmani, J. M. (2015a). Fiqh Sosial Kiai Sahal sebagai Fiqh Peradaban. Jurnal Wahana Akademika, 02(2), 122–134. https://doi.org/10.21580/wa.v2i2.390
Asmani, J. M. (2015b). Mengembangkan Fikih Sosial KH. MA. Sahal Mahfudh: Elaborasi. Elex Media Komputindo.
Asmani, J. M. (2015c). Zakat Produktif: Studi Pemikiran KH. MA. Sahal Mahfudh. Religia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.28918/religia.v18i1.624
Baroroh, U. (2020). Understanding Methodology of Fiqh Sosial. Santri: Journal of Pesantren and Fiqh Sosial, 1(1), 27–42. https://doi.org/10.35878/santri.v1i1.202
Chasanuddin, A., & Nafisah, Z. (2019). Konsep Mashlahah Al-Ammah Dalam Perspektif Fiqh Sosial KH. MA. Sahal Mahfudh. Islamic Review: Jurnal Riset Dan Kajian Keislaman, VIII(2). https://doi.org/10.35878/islamicreview.v8i2.177
Creswell, J. W. (2019). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE Publications, Inc.
Fajar, I. N. R. (2008). Studi Analisis Pemikiran KH. MA. Sahal Mahfudz tentang Peran Pesantren Maslakul Huda dalam Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat. Institut Agama Islam Negeri Walisongo.
Fajrina, A. N., Putra, F. R., & Sisillia, A. S. (2020). Optimalisasi pengelolaan zakat: Implementasi dan implikasinya dalam perekonomian. Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies, 1(1), 100–120. https://doi.org/10.47700/jiefes.v1i1.1918
Fanani, M. (2015). Akar Pemikiran Fiqh Sosial Kiai Sahal. In Metodologi Fiqh Sosial: Dari Qouli Menuju Manhaji. STAIMAFA Press.
Hakim, M. L. (2019). Aplikasi Konsep Fiqh Sosial KH. MA. Sahal Mahfudh terhadap Batas Usia Perkawinan dalam Pasal 7 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Perkawinan. Islamic Review : Jurnal Riset Dan Kajian Keislaman. https://doi.org/10.35878/islamicreview.v8i2.174
Hakim, M. L. (2022). Dialektika Hak Ijbar Dalam Undang-Undang Perkawinan Perspektif Fiqh Sosial MA. Sahal Mahfudh. YUDISIA : Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Dan Hukum Islam, 13(2), 247–266. https://doi.org/10.21043/yudisia.v13i2.15908
Hakim, M. L. (2024). Fiqh Sosial Perspective on Prenuptial Agreements: Harmonizing the Tradition and Modernity in Muslim Communities. Santri: Journal of Pesantren and Fiqh Sosial, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.35878/santri.v5i2.1417
Hanif, F., Athief, N., & Utari, D. N. (2022). Studi Komparatif Pemikiran Yusuf Qardhawi dan Sahal Mahfudh Tentang Zakat Produktif Sebagai Sarana Pemberdayaan Ekonomi. PROFETIKA, Jurnal Studi Islam, 23(1), 98–113. https://doi.org/10.23917/profetika.v23i1.16798
Ife, J. (2002). Human Rights, Global Citizenship and Community Development. Canadian Review of Social Policy, 49/50, 233–239.
Ife, J. (2016). Community Development in an Uncertain World: Vision, Analysis and Practice. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316342855
Ife, J., & Tesoriero, F. (2008). Community Development: Alternatif Pengembangan Masyarakat di Era Globalisasi (S. Z. Qudsy (ed.)). Pustaka Pelajar.
Iqbal, R. (2022). Pemikiran Fikih Sosial Kh. Sahal Mahfudh Dan Kontribusinya Dalam Pembangunan Ekonomi Pesantren.
Ishom, M., Raharjo, K. M., Avrilianda, D., & Fatihin, M. K. (2021). The Role of Facilitators in Community Empowerment Based on Learning Community to Improve Vocational Skills. Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology and Education (ICITE 2021), 609(Icite), 156–159. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211210.026
Lufaefi, L. (2020). Maqâshid Al-Qur‟ An Ayat-Ayat “Kuasi” Formalisasi Syariat Islam Perspektif Thâhir Ibn Âsyûr. Institut PTIQ Jakarta.
Mahfudh, M. S. (1999). Pesantren Mencari Makna (Pertama). Pustaka Ciganjur.
Mahfudh, M. S. (2011). Nuansa Fiqh Sosial. LKiS.
Malta. (2023). The Concept of Strategy in Community Empowerment : A Literature Review. INFLUENCE: International Journal of Science Review, 5(3), 24–34. https://doi.org/10.54783/influencejournal.v5i3.179
Muslim, A. (2007). Pendekatan partisipatif dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat. Aplikasia, 8(2), 89–103. https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/8286/
Nazar, R. F. (2021). Corak Pembaruan Pemikiran Hukum Islam dalam Konsep Fiqh Sosial K.H Sahal Mahfudh. Asy-Syari’ah, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.15575/as.v23i1.9262
Nurdiansyah, R. (2016). Pemikiran Fiqih Sosial KH. MA. Sahal Mahfuh. UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta.
Pinontoan, M. (2020). Konsep Dasar Kemiskinan dan Strategi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat: Suatu Kajian Teoretis, Pragmatis dan Holistik. Penerbit NEM.
Prasetia, S. A., Fahmi, M., & Faizin, M. (2023). Social Intelligence in Islamic Education; Analysis of the Social Jurisprudence Ideas of KH. MA. Sahal Mahfudh. Jurnal An-Nida, 47(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.24014/an-nida.v47i1.21865
Prince, E. (2024). Role of Social Capital in Community Development. Journal of Advanced Sociology, 5(2), 55-68TY-BOOK AU-Ife, Jim AU-Tesoriero, Frank. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:269570315
Riza, M. S. (2021). Analisis Efektivitas Distribusi Zakat Produktif Dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Mustahik (Studi Kantor Cabang Rumah Zakat Sumatera Utara). AT-TAWASSUTH: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 4(1), 137–159. https://doi.org/10.30829/ajei.v4i1.4090
Rohmi, M. L., Pratiwi, D., & Ramadhani, A. A. (2023). Program keluarga harapan (PKH) dalam kaitannya dengan pengembangan kualitas sumber daya manusia sebagai upaya pengentasan kemiskinan. Ekonomi & Bisnis, 22(2), 166–177. https://doi.org/10.32722/eb.v22i2.6307
Saefullah, M. (2026). Ijtihad Kontemporer: Telaah Kritis atas Relasi Teks dan Realitas. Syariah: Journal of Fiqh Studies, 4(1), 43–72. https://doi.org/10.61570/syariah.v4i1.281
Shaikh, P. A., Rasheed, B., & Shaikh, A. A. (2023). A New Perspective on Historical Theories of Poverty. Perennial Journal of History (PJH), 4(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.52700/pjh.v4i1.137
Waskito, T., & Nur Kholik, M. S. I. (2020). Enigmatik:: Revolusi Paradigma Ke-Islaman Nahdlatul Ulama. Edu Publisher.
Wijaya, A. P. (2025). Zakat produktif dalam perspektif ushul fikih: Relevansi dan aplikasinya di era modern. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 4(1), 169–177. https://doi.org/10.55904/cessie.v4i1.1527
Zubaedi, Z. (2006). Membangun Fikih yang Berorientasi Sosial: Dialektika Fikih dengan Realitas Empirik Masyarakat. Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 44(2), 430–452. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2006.442.429-452
Published
2026-07-08
How to Cite
Siswanto, S., Luthfi Hakim, M., Asrofi, S., & Sirril Wafa, M. (2026). Fiqh Sosial as a Conceptual Framework for Pesantren-Based Community Empowerment: Insights from Kiai Sahal Mahfudh. Santri: Journal of Pesantren and Fiqh Sosial, 7(1), 89-104. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35878/santri.v7i1.2353
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Articles
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