Pola Dakwah Maulana Malik Ibrahim (Pendekatan Kultural, Pendidikan, dan Sosial)
Abstract
This study analyzes the da'wah pattern of Maulana Malik Ibrahim in Gresik by locating his religious communication within the port-city society of fourteenth-century East Java. The research responds to a gap in previous studies that commonly discuss Walisongo in general or emphasize only trade and pesantren education, while the integrated pattern of Maulana Malik Ibrahim's da'wah in Gresik remains insufficiently mapped. Using a qualitative historical-documentary method, this article examines 28 substantive sources consisting of journal articles, historical books, translated chronicles, and relevant academic documents. Data were analyzed through source criticism, open coding, axial coding, and thematic synthesis, following qualitative reporting standards. The findings show six interrelated patterns: cultural accommodation, pesantren-based education, moral exemplarity, social service, maritime-trade interaction, and elite-network communication. The most frequent themes in the coded corpus are cultural accommodation (67.9%) and pesantren education (57.1%). The study concludes that Maulana Malik Ibrahim's da'wah was not a single preaching technique but an adaptive, humane, and institutional model that transformed religious acceptance into community formation.
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