تجديد النحو عند شوقي ضيف وآفاق تطبيقه في المعاهد الإسلامية بإندونيسيا
Keywords:
Shawqi Dayf, renewal of grammar, pedagogical grammar, pesantren, functional iʿrāb
Abstract
This study examines Shawqi Dayf’s project for renewing Arabic grammar in Tajdīd al-Naḥw and asks how far it can be implemented in Indonesian pesantren, where grammar is still taught through memorized texts (matn) and meaning-oriented reading of classical works. It identifies Dayf’s six principles and their pedagogical logic, locates each within the pesantren grammar ecosystem, and proposes an implementation that preserves the authority of the turāth. The study is qualitative library research. Data came from the book’s sixth edition, pesantren grammar texts, and field studies published in 2016–2025, analyzed through content analysis, document analysis, and comparison. The findings show that rearranging chapters, precise definitions, and the removal of superfluities can be adopted at the level of explanation and teaching; that Dayf’s additions already exist in pesantren through the prior study of tajwīd and morphology; and that abolishing implied and positional iʿrāb requires reinterpretation, because interlinear makna gandul translation turns syntactic function into a tool of comprehension. The study proposes a multi-level functional renewal model that keeps the matn, renews the sharḥ, and widens Dayf’s criterion from “iʿrāb for correct pronunciation” to “iʿrāb for correct pronunciation and comprehension.”
References
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دحوني، ياسين، ومذبوحي، محمد. (2022). منهج التيسير النحوي لدى شوقي ضيف في كتاب تجديد النحو. مجلة اللغة الوظيفية، 9(2)، 444–454.
ديوان العرب. (2005، 11 مارس). شوقي ضيف. مسترجع من https://www.diwanalarab.com/%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A-%D8%B6%D9%8A%D9%81
ضيف، شوقي. (1968). المدارس النحوية. القاهرة: دار المعارف.
ضيف، شوقي. (1986). تيسير النحو التعليمي قديمًا وحديثًا مع نهج تجديده. القاهرة: دار المعارف.
ضيف، شوقي. (2013). تجديد النحو (ط. 6). القاهرة: دار المعارف. (نُشر العمل الأصلي سنة 1982)
قزعوط، سليم. (2019). التعليل والعامل في ضوء التيسير النحوي عند إبراهيم مصطفى. مجلة اللغة الوظيفية، 6(1)، 53–67.
قنبر، مصطفى أحمد. (2021). نقد النحو العربي عند المحدثين: إبراهيم مصطفى نموذجًا. الموروث، 9(2)، 62–73.
المخزومي، مهدي. (1964). في النحو العربي: نقد وتوجيه. بيروت: المكتبة العصرية.
مصطفى، إبراهيم. (1937). إحياء النحو. القاهرة: لجنة التأليف والترجمة والنشر.
Afyuddin, M. S., Imamah, A., Munawwir, A., & Irhas, M. (2023). Materi qawaid metode Tamyiz 1 dalam konsep pembaharuan nahwu Syauqi Dhayf. Alfazuna: Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban, 8(1), 88–109. https://doi.org/10.15642/alfazuna.v8i1.3004
Ahkas, A. W., & Mahabbah Fillah, A. L. (2022). Analisis buku Nahwu Wadhih juz 2 karya Ali al-Jarimi dan Musthafa Amin. Ta’lim al-‘Arabiyyah: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab & Kebahasaaraban, 6(1), 125–133. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpba.v6i1.18842
Akzam, I., & Zubaidah, Z. (2024). Analysis of grammar and morphology teaching within the Arabic language program at an Islamic university of Riau in Indonesia. Al-Ta’rib: Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab UIN Palangka Raya, 12(2), 411–422. https://doi.org/10.23971/altarib.v12i2.9047
Anwar, K. (2016). Tanfīdh al-iʿrāb wa al-bināʾ fī taʿlīm ʿilm al-naḥw ʿinda al-Duktūr Ibrāhīm Muṣṭafā. Al Mahāra: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 2(1), 61–82. https://doi.org/10.14421/almahara.2016.021-04
Azhari, M. (2020). Taʿlīm kitāb Amṭilati fī maʿhad al-Falāh wa maʿhad Sirājul Hudā Kalīmantān al-Janūbiyyah. Jurnal Al-Maqayis, 7(1), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.18592/jams.v7i1.4971
Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
Burdah, I. (2011). Ṭarīqat al-tarjamah al-waẓīfiyyah al-muʿjamiyyah al-muʿallaqah: Taṣawwur ʿāmm wa al-baḥth al-tārīkhī ʿanhā. Journal of Indonesian Islam, 5(2), 353–377. https://doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2011.5.2.353-377
Campanelli, M. (2018). The originality of Ibn Maḍāʾ’s linguistic ideas: Prescriptive rules versus methodology inside al-Radd ʿalā al-nuḥāt. Histoire Épistémologie Langage, 40(2), 67–86. https://doi.org/10.1051/hel/2018018
Dhofier, Z. (2011). Tradisi pesantren: Studi pandangan hidup kyai dan visinya mengenai masa depan Indonesia (Ed. revisi). Jakarta: LP3ES.
Drozdík, L. (2008). Simplified Arabic or bilingualism? Academic discourse confronted with literary evidence. Asian and African Studies, 17(2), 224–239.
Habibillah, M. J. S., & Ulum, M. B. (2025). Efektivitas metode Amsilati terhadap keterampilan membaca kitab kuning di Pondok Pesantren Darun Najah Umbulsari Jember. IQRO: Journal of Islamic Education, 8(2), 762–776. https://doi.org/10.24256/iqro.v8i2.7681
Hanani, N., Ahid, N., & Sufirmansyah, S. (2024). An eclectic approach to Arabic language education: Implementing Kitab al-Amtsilah at-Tashrifiyah in modern Indonesian pesantrens. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 10(2), 192–206. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v10i2.38651
Haulina, S., & Akhas, M. Z. (2024). Analysis of problematics in learning nahwu from the book of al-Jurumiyah. ELOQUENCE: Journal of Foreign Language, 3(2), 81–93. https://doi.org/10.58194/eloquence.v3i2.1679
Krippendorff, K. (2019). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Larsen-Freeman, D. (2003). Teaching language: From grammar to grammaring. Boston, MA: Thomson Heinle.
Natsir, M., & As’ad, A. (2024). Learning nahwu using the Ibtida’i method at Madrasah Diniyah Jepara. Asalibuna, 8(1), 16–26. https://doi.org/10.30762/asalibuna.v8i01.2677
Nizar, M. J., Abror, T., & Samsuri, H. (2025). Implementasi metode al-Miftah lil Ulum dalam meningkatkan standar mutu kemampuan membaca kitab kuning santri di PP Roudlotut Thohirin Sengon Pringgodani Bantur Malang. Al-Mikraj: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora, 5(2), 1067–1079. https://doi.org/10.37680/almikraj.v5i2.6808
Nurdianto, T., & Ritonga, M. (2021). Renewal of Arabic grammar (nahw) by al-Shatibi in al-Maqashid al-Syafiyah. Ijaz Arabi: Journal of Arabic Learning, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.9861
Owens, J. (1988). The foundations of grammar: An introduction to medieval Arabic grammatical theory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Setiadi, F. M. (2022). Shawqi Daif’s reformative approach to Arabic grammar pedagogy for non-native learners. IJ-ATL: International Journal of Arabic Teaching and Learning, 6(2), 223–239. https://doi.org/10.33650/ijatl.v6i2.2986
Suyuti, M. H. (2023). Refusal of the amil concept in improving understanding of Arabic language rules (examining the thoughts of Ibn Madla’). Proceeding of Dakwah Saizu International Conference, 1(1), 113–122.
Sweller, J. (1988). Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning. Cognitive Science, 12(2), 257–285. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1202_4
Sweller, J., van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Paas, F. (2019). Cognitive architecture and instructional design: 20 years later. Educational Psychology Review, 31(2), 261–292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09465-5
Thalib, I. M. (2021). Musāhamātu faʿāliyati li al-Duktūri Syauqi Ḍaifi fī taisīri al-nahwi. Al-Uslub: Journal of Arabic Linguistic and Literature, 5(2), 164–183. https://doi.org/10.30631/al-uslub.v5i02.104
van Bruinessen, M. (1990). Kitab kuning: Books in Arabic script used in the pesantren milieu. Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, 146(2/3), 226–269.
Versteegh, K. (2014). The Arabic language (2nd ed.). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Yahya, A. S., & Fauzi, I. (2021). Nahwu learning for madrasah tsanawiyah students at Islamic boarding schools. Academia Open, 4. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.4.2021.3031
حسان، تمام. (1973). اللغة العربية معناها ومبناها. القاهرة: الهيئة المصرية العامة للكتاب.
دحوني، ياسين، ومذبوحي، محمد. (2022). منهج التيسير النحوي لدى شوقي ضيف في كتاب تجديد النحو. مجلة اللغة الوظيفية، 9(2)، 444–454.
ديوان العرب. (2005، 11 مارس). شوقي ضيف. مسترجع من https://www.diwanalarab.com/%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A-%D8%B6%D9%8A%D9%81
ضيف، شوقي. (1968). المدارس النحوية. القاهرة: دار المعارف.
ضيف، شوقي. (1986). تيسير النحو التعليمي قديمًا وحديثًا مع نهج تجديده. القاهرة: دار المعارف.
ضيف، شوقي. (2013). تجديد النحو (ط. 6). القاهرة: دار المعارف. (نُشر العمل الأصلي سنة 1982)
قزعوط، سليم. (2019). التعليل والعامل في ضوء التيسير النحوي عند إبراهيم مصطفى. مجلة اللغة الوظيفية، 6(1)، 53–67.
قنبر، مصطفى أحمد. (2021). نقد النحو العربي عند المحدثين: إبراهيم مصطفى نموذجًا. الموروث، 9(2)، 62–73.
المخزومي، مهدي. (1964). في النحو العربي: نقد وتوجيه. بيروت: المكتبة العصرية.
مصطفى، إبراهيم. (1937). إحياء النحو. القاهرة: لجنة التأليف والترجمة والنشر.
Afyuddin, M. S., Imamah, A., Munawwir, A., & Irhas, M. (2023). Materi qawaid metode Tamyiz 1 dalam konsep pembaharuan nahwu Syauqi Dhayf. Alfazuna: Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban, 8(1), 88–109. https://doi.org/10.15642/alfazuna.v8i1.3004
Ahkas, A. W., & Mahabbah Fillah, A. L. (2022). Analisis buku Nahwu Wadhih juz 2 karya Ali al-Jarimi dan Musthafa Amin. Ta’lim al-‘Arabiyyah: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab & Kebahasaaraban, 6(1), 125–133. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpba.v6i1.18842
Akzam, I., & Zubaidah, Z. (2024). Analysis of grammar and morphology teaching within the Arabic language program at an Islamic university of Riau in Indonesia. Al-Ta’rib: Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab UIN Palangka Raya, 12(2), 411–422. https://doi.org/10.23971/altarib.v12i2.9047
Anwar, K. (2016). Tanfīdh al-iʿrāb wa al-bināʾ fī taʿlīm ʿilm al-naḥw ʿinda al-Duktūr Ibrāhīm Muṣṭafā. Al Mahāra: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 2(1), 61–82. https://doi.org/10.14421/almahara.2016.021-04
Azhari, M. (2020). Taʿlīm kitāb Amṭilati fī maʿhad al-Falāh wa maʿhad Sirājul Hudā Kalīmantān al-Janūbiyyah. Jurnal Al-Maqayis, 7(1), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.18592/jams.v7i1.4971
Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
Burdah, I. (2011). Ṭarīqat al-tarjamah al-waẓīfiyyah al-muʿjamiyyah al-muʿallaqah: Taṣawwur ʿāmm wa al-baḥth al-tārīkhī ʿanhā. Journal of Indonesian Islam, 5(2), 353–377. https://doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2011.5.2.353-377
Campanelli, M. (2018). The originality of Ibn Maḍāʾ’s linguistic ideas: Prescriptive rules versus methodology inside al-Radd ʿalā al-nuḥāt. Histoire Épistémologie Langage, 40(2), 67–86. https://doi.org/10.1051/hel/2018018
Dhofier, Z. (2011). Tradisi pesantren: Studi pandangan hidup kyai dan visinya mengenai masa depan Indonesia (Ed. revisi). Jakarta: LP3ES.
Drozdík, L. (2008). Simplified Arabic or bilingualism? Academic discourse confronted with literary evidence. Asian and African Studies, 17(2), 224–239.
Habibillah, M. J. S., & Ulum, M. B. (2025). Efektivitas metode Amsilati terhadap keterampilan membaca kitab kuning di Pondok Pesantren Darun Najah Umbulsari Jember. IQRO: Journal of Islamic Education, 8(2), 762–776. https://doi.org/10.24256/iqro.v8i2.7681
Hanani, N., Ahid, N., & Sufirmansyah, S. (2024). An eclectic approach to Arabic language education: Implementing Kitab al-Amtsilah at-Tashrifiyah in modern Indonesian pesantrens. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 10(2), 192–206. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v10i2.38651
Haulina, S., & Akhas, M. Z. (2024). Analysis of problematics in learning nahwu from the book of al-Jurumiyah. ELOQUENCE: Journal of Foreign Language, 3(2), 81–93. https://doi.org/10.58194/eloquence.v3i2.1679
Krippendorff, K. (2019). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Larsen-Freeman, D. (2003). Teaching language: From grammar to grammaring. Boston, MA: Thomson Heinle.
Natsir, M., & As’ad, A. (2024). Learning nahwu using the Ibtida’i method at Madrasah Diniyah Jepara. Asalibuna, 8(1), 16–26. https://doi.org/10.30762/asalibuna.v8i01.2677
Nizar, M. J., Abror, T., & Samsuri, H. (2025). Implementasi metode al-Miftah lil Ulum dalam meningkatkan standar mutu kemampuan membaca kitab kuning santri di PP Roudlotut Thohirin Sengon Pringgodani Bantur Malang. Al-Mikraj: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora, 5(2), 1067–1079. https://doi.org/10.37680/almikraj.v5i2.6808
Nurdianto, T., & Ritonga, M. (2021). Renewal of Arabic grammar (nahw) by al-Shatibi in al-Maqashid al-Syafiyah. Ijaz Arabi: Journal of Arabic Learning, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.9861
Owens, J. (1988). The foundations of grammar: An introduction to medieval Arabic grammatical theory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Setiadi, F. M. (2022). Shawqi Daif’s reformative approach to Arabic grammar pedagogy for non-native learners. IJ-ATL: International Journal of Arabic Teaching and Learning, 6(2), 223–239. https://doi.org/10.33650/ijatl.v6i2.2986
Suyuti, M. H. (2023). Refusal of the amil concept in improving understanding of Arabic language rules (examining the thoughts of Ibn Madla’). Proceeding of Dakwah Saizu International Conference, 1(1), 113–122.
Sweller, J. (1988). Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning. Cognitive Science, 12(2), 257–285. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1202_4
Sweller, J., van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Paas, F. (2019). Cognitive architecture and instructional design: 20 years later. Educational Psychology Review, 31(2), 261–292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09465-5
Thalib, I. M. (2021). Musāhamātu faʿāliyati li al-Duktūri Syauqi Ḍaifi fī taisīri al-nahwi. Al-Uslub: Journal of Arabic Linguistic and Literature, 5(2), 164–183. https://doi.org/10.30631/al-uslub.v5i02.104
van Bruinessen, M. (1990). Kitab kuning: Books in Arabic script used in the pesantren milieu. Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, 146(2/3), 226–269.
Versteegh, K. (2014). The Arabic language (2nd ed.). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Yahya, A. S., & Fauzi, I. (2021). Nahwu learning for madrasah tsanawiyah students at Islamic boarding schools. Academia Open, 4. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.4.2021.3031
Published
2026-10-31
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